@font-face{font-family:Lato;src:url(/fonts/lato-latin-400-normal.woff2)format("woff2");font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:Lato;src:url(/fonts/lato-latin-400-italic.woff2)format("woff2");font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:Lato;src:url(/fonts/lato-latin-700-normal.woff2)format("woff2");font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:Lato;src:url(/fonts/lato-latin-700-italic.woff2)format("woff2");font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-display:swap}:root{--surround:#464646;--bar:#cdcdcd;--navy:#0d1530;--white:#ffffff;--ink:#2b2b2b;--muted:#6b6b6b;--link:#337ab7;--link-side:#4a9be0;--line:#dddddd;--red:#b22234;--button:#337ab7}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}body{margin:0;background:var(--surround);color:var(--ink);font:1rem/1.6 Lato,helvetica neue,Arial,sans-serif}a{color:var(--link);text-decoration:none}a:hover{text-decoration:underline}img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.skip{position:absolute;left:-999px}.skip:focus{left:12px;top:8px;background:#fff;padding:6px 10px;z-index:9}.visually-hidden{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);white-space:nowrap}.frame{background:var(--white)}.top{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px 16px;background:var(--bar)}.logo{display:block;line-height:0}.logo img{display:block;width:320px;max-width:100%;height:auto}.find{display:flex;gap:4px;padding:10px 20px}.find input{width:340px;max-width:46vw;padding:9px 14px 9px 40px;border:1px solid #b9bcc4;border-radius:8px;font:1.05rem Lato,sans-serif;color:var(--ink);background:#fbfbfc url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='17' height='17' viewBox='0 0 24 24' fill='none' stroke='%236b6b6b' stroke-width='2.4' stroke-linecap='round'%3E%3Ccircle cx='10.5' cy='10.5' r='6.5'/%3E%3Cpath d='M15.5 15.5 21 21'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")no-repeat 14px}.find input::placeholder{color:#8a8d96}.find input::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}.find input:focus{outline:none;border-color:var(--link);box-shadow:0 0 0 2px rgba(47,111,176,.25)}.find button{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);white-space:nowrap;border:0;padding:0}.body{display:grid;grid-template-columns:270px 1fr}.side{background:var(--navy);padding:30px 0 40px}.side summary{display:none}.side ul{list-style:none;margin:0 0 24px;padding:0}.side ul.solo{margin-bottom:24px}.side li{margin:0}.side a{display:block;padding:3px 18px 3px 29px;color:var(--link-side);line-height:1.5;border-left:4px solid transparent}.side ul.solo a{padding-left:20px;font-style:italic;font-weight:700}.side a:hover{background:rgba(255,255,255,5%);color:#8cc6f5;text-decoration:none}.side a[aria-current]{color:#fff;border-left-color:var(--red);background:rgba(255,255,255,6%)}.group-title{margin:0 0 2px;padding:0 20px;color:#fff;font-style:italic;font-weight:700}.content{padding:22px 48px 44px;min-width:0;max-width:960px;font-size:1.09rem;line-height:1.65}h1{font-size:2.1rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.15;margin:12px 0 20px;color:#1e2433}h2{font-size:1.3rem;font-weight:700;margin:32px 0 14px;padding-bottom:6px;border-bottom:2px solid #f1d6da;color:#1e2433}h3{font-size:1rem;font-weight:700;margin:26px 0 4px}.prose p{margin:0 0 1em}.prose img{margin:4px 0}.prose blockquote{margin:1em 0;padding:.2em 0 .2em 1em;border-left:3px solid var(--line);color:#444}.prose table{border-collapse:collapse;max-width:100%}.prose td,.prose th{padding:4px 12px 4px 0;vertical-align:top}@media(max-width:820px){.prose table{display:block;overflow-x:auto}}.prose iframe{max-width:100%;border:0}.byline,.role{color:var(--muted)}.role{margin:10px 0 -14px;font-style:italic}.qbox{position:relative;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);border-radius:6px;padding:18px 22px 14px 54px;margin:0 0 16px;background:#fff;box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(13,21,48,7%)}.qbox::before{content:"\201C";position:absolute;left:14px;top:2px;font:700 3.6rem/1 Georgia,times new roman,serif;color:rgba(13,21,48,.13);pointer-events:none}.qtext{font-size:1.04rem}.qtext p{margin:0 0 .7em}.qtext>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.qattr{display:block;margin:10px 0 0;font-size:.88rem;text-align:right}.attr{color:var(--muted)}.attr a{color:var(--link)}.details{margin-left:6px;font-size:.78rem;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.05em;color:var(--muted);border-bottom:1px dotted}.details:hover{color:var(--red);text-decoration:none}.related ul,.articles,.index{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.articles li{padding:5px 0 5px 26px;position:relative;border-bottom:1px solid #f0f0f0}.articles li::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:4px;top:11px;width:12px;height:14px;border:1px solid #9aa7bd;border-radius:1px;background:linear-gradient(#9aa7bd,#9aa7bd)2px 3px/6px 1px no-repeat,linear-gradient(#9aa7bd,#9aa7bd)2px 6px/6px 1px no-repeat,linear-gradient(#9aa7bd,#9aa7bd)2px 9px/4px 1px no-repeat}.articles li.video::before,.articles li.audio::before{border:0;background:0 0;top:6px;width:auto;height:auto;color:#6f7f9c;font-style:normal}.articles li.video::before{content:"▶";font-size:.8rem}.articles li.audio::before{content:"♪";font-size:1rem}.atitle{font-style:italic}.bio{display:flow-root;margin-bottom:8px}.portrait{float:left;margin:4px 16px 8px 0;border:1px solid var(--line)}.aby{display:block;font-size:.82rem;color:var(--muted)}.aby a{color:var(--muted)}.index{columns:2 18rem;column-gap:32px}.index li{break-inside:avoid;padding:2px 0}.index span{color:var(--muted);font-size:.8rem}.index em{color:var(--muted);font-size:.85rem}.pager{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;margin:22px 0}.foot{max-width:1500px;margin:0 auto;padding:22px 48px 60px;color:#ddd;font-size:.9rem}.foot a{color:#ddd;text-decoration:underline}#search{--pagefind-ui-primary:var(--link);--pagefind-ui-text:var(--ink);--pagefind-ui-background:#fbfbfc;--pagefind-ui-border:#d4d7de;--pagefind-ui-tag:#eef1f5;--pagefind-ui-border-width:1px;--pagefind-ui-border-radius:8px;--pagefind-ui-font:Lato, sans-serif}#search .pagefind-ui__search-input{font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-size:1.25rem;color:var(--ink)}#search .pagefind-ui__search-clear{border:0;background:0 0;color:var(--muted);font:.8rem Lato,sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.05em}#search .pagefind-ui__button{font:700 .9rem Lato,sans-serif;color:#fff;background:var(--button);border:1px solid #2e6da4;border-radius:4px}.search-missing{color:var(--muted)}@media(max-width:820px){.frame{margin-top:0;border:0}.find{padding:0 12px 10px;width:100%}.find input{flex:1;max-width:none}.body{grid-template-columns:1fr}.side{padding:0}.content{padding:14px 16px 36px}.home-foot,.foot{padding-left:16px;padding-right:16px}.side{padding:0}.side summary{display:block;padding:10px 16px;color:#fff;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;cursor:pointer}.side details>:not(summary){padding:0 16px}.side details[open]{padding-bottom:6px}h1{font-size:1.9rem}}.page-recommended-reading .book{display:grid;grid-template-columns:140px 1fr;column-gap:28px;row-gap:0;align-items:start;margin:0 0 22px;padding:16px 18px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);border-radius:4px;background:#fafafa;box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,6%)}.page-recommended-reading .book>*{grid-column:2;margin:0 0 12px}.page-recommended-reading .book>img{grid-column:1;grid-row:1/span 20;margin:0}.page-recommended-reading .book img{display:block;width:140px;max-width:140px;height:auto;border:1px solid var(--line);box-shadow:0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.15)}.page-recommended-reading .book h2{font-size:1.35rem;line-height:1.25;color:#222;margin:0 0 2px;padding:0;border:0}.page-recommended-reading .book h2+p:has(>em:only-child){color:var(--muted)}.page-recommended-reading .book p>strong:first-child:has(+br){display:inline-block;margin-top:4px;font-size:.78rem;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted)}.page-recommended-reading .book>p:last-child{font-size:.88rem;margin-bottom:0}@media(max-width:820px){.page-recommended-reading .book{display:block}.page-recommended-reading .book>img{margin-bottom:12px}}.page-the-u\.s\.-global-empire ul{columns:3;column-gap:32px;list-style:none;padding-left:0}.page-the-u\.s\.-global-empire li{break-inside:avoid}@media(max-width:600px){.page-the-u\.s\.-global-empire ul{columns:2}}.page-the-magna-carta>img{clear:both;float:left;max-width:45%;height:auto;margin:4px 26px 14px 0;border:1px solid var(--line)}.page-the-magna-carta>img:nth-of-type(2){float:right;margin:4px 0 14px 26px}.page-the-magna-carta>img:nth-of-type(odd)+p{clear:right}.page-the-magna-carta>img:nth-of-type(even)+p{clear:left}.page-the-magna-carta>p:has(#MagnaCarta),.page-the-magna-carta>h2{clear:both}@media(max-width:600px){.page-the-magna-carta>img,.page-the-magna-carta>img:nth-of-type(2){float:none;display:block;max-width:100%;margin:0 0 12px}}.page-what-others-are-saying-about-our-republic>p{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:4px;padding:14px 15px;margin:0 0 14px;box-shadow:0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,5%)}.home-foot{max-width:1500px;margin:0 auto;padding:34px 48px 0;color:#ababab;font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.65}.home-foot p{margin:0 0 1.5em}.home-foot strong{color:#c8c8c8}.home-foot a{color:#8cc0ec}.home-foot+.foot{padding-top:8px}:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #f2b84b;outline-offset:2px;border-radius:3px}.find input:focus-visible{outline:none}.side a:focus-visible{outline-color:#f2b84b}@font-face{font-family:"source serif 4";src:url(/fonts/source-serif-4-latin-400-normal.woff2)format("woff2");font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:"source serif 4";src:url(/fonts/source-serif-4-latin-400-italic.woff2)format("woff2");font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:"source serif 4";src:url(/fonts/source-serif-4-latin-600-normal.woff2)format("woff2");font-weight:600;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}.content:has(.doc){max-width:none;background:#f7f1e3}.doc{max-width:46rem;font-family:"source serif 4",Georgia,serif;font-size:1.15rem;line-height:1.7;color:#2b2418}.doc h1{font-family:"source serif 4",Georgia,serif;font-weight:600;font-size:2.2rem;color:#2b2418;margin-top:18px}.doc .prose p{margin:0 0 1em}.doc .lead::first-letter{float:left;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.85;padding:6px 8px 0 0;color:var(--red);font-weight:600}.doc .sec{margin:1.6em 0 .3em;font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-size:.82rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--navy)}.doc .sec+.sec{margin-top:0}.doc strong{color:#1e2433}.doc a{color:#2a5f97}.doc table td{padding-right:20px}.prose td img{max-width:none}#search .pagefind-ui__search-input:focus{outline:none;border-color:var(--link);box-shadow:0 0 0 2px rgba(47,111,176,.25)}#search .pagefind-ui__search-input:focus-visible{outline:none}